El Niño: Abanya Gatumba ntaco ibabwiye?

Mu Burundi, hariko haraba umwiherero wiga uko kino gihugu cohangana n'igihe kizwi nka El Niño bivugwa ko uyu mwaka kizogira ingaruka zikomeye mu karere, na cane cane kubera imvura nyinshi.

Uburere bw'Uburundi bushobora kubangamirwa cane ni ubwo mu burengero no mu buraruko, nk'uko bishikirizwa n'abajejwe gutegekanya ibihe. Mu burengero ni ho hari ikiyaga Tanganyika hamwe n'inzuzi zitandukanye bikunda kuduga cane bigashwara imihana n'imirima.

Akarere ka Gatumba, mu ntara ya Bujumbura, ni kamwe mu bumaze imyaka buhura n'imyuzure, aho abanyagihugu baharurwa mu bihumbi bagiye bimurirwa ahandi.

Ariko, n'ubwo muri ako karere ingaruka z'imyuzure yabaye mu 2024 zicibonekeza, uno musi nta kimenyetso kigaragara ko abahaba bariko baritegurira guhangana n'ibindi bihe nk'ivyo baciyemwo muri kahisa. Mbere na bamwe mu bari barimuwe kubera bari batewe n'amazi, baragarutse.

Ni mu gihe abategetsi bavuga ko ibikorwa vyo kuzibira amazi akunda kubatera n'ubu bikiri mu vyigwa.

Kubera iki bagarutse?

Umwe mu bari barimuwe ariko yagarutse ni Makenga Zabuloni, umutama w'imyaka 80. Inzu yiwe, n'ubwo igihagaze, yarononekaye cane. Iri mu zindi nyinshi zahuye n'umwuzurira wateye muri Gaharawe, imwe muri quartier cenda zigize Zone Gatumba.

Amadirisha yaribwe, imwe mu miryango iranokorwa. Ubwo busuma n'ubugizi bwa nabi, ntivyanezereye Zabuloni. Mbere ni imwe mu mvo zituma avuga ko ata mugambi afise wo gusubira kuhava, n'ubwo imyuzure yosubira gutera.

"Uruhombo twagize,... baratwivye. Ivyo mu nzu batwaye ni vyinshi. Ahubwo gusa Imana [nagize] ni uko batansanzeyo. Ngira baba barayinyiciyemwo."

Inzu y'umubanyi wa Makenga Zabuloni na yo nyene yaratewe n'amazi. Yaraduze kugera nko ku metero imwe uduga. Kubera ubwinshi bw'ayo mazi, uruzitiro n'ibindi vyaraguye. Clémentine Nduwimana avuga ko n'ubwo ibintu bimeze uko, kwimuka bitoroshe.

Ati: "Uca uraba iyo wotera uja...ugasanga inzu zirazimvye, ugaca usanga ukeneye kwigisha abana, gusuma, gupanga, ...usanga bitoroshe".

Imwe mu nyishu abanya Gatumba babona yotuma bakingirwa imyuzure ikunda kubageramira, ni ukwubakirwa idigi (digue) yotangira uruzi Rusizi n'amazi ya Tanganyika, kugira ntibishware imihana.

Muri iki gihe havugwa ingaruka zishobora guterwa na El Nino, ico ciyumviro n'ubu casubiriye kugaruka. Gusa n'ubwo hariko haba umwiherero wiga ku kungene Uburundi bwohangana na El Niño, nta cemeza ko umugambi wo kwubaka idigi mu Gatumba uri mu yizoshirwa imbere.

Ni mu gihe abategetsi babona ko icoba ciza gusumba ari uko ababa mu burere bukarirwa bose bokwimuka.

El Niño ishobora kwigaragaza mu buryo ubuhe?

Nk'uko abahinga babisigura, El Niño ishobora kuzorangwa n'imvura zirenze urugero hamwe n'imyuzure, irindimuka ry'imisozi, ikena ry'imvura n'ubushuhe burenze urugero mu bice bimwe bimwe, ihungabana ry'uburimyi n'ibiyaga, n'ibindi.

Ubushikiranganji bw'intwaro yo hagati mu Burundi hamwe n'abajejwe gutegekanya ibihe bavuga ko El Niño ishobora kuzogira ingaruka ku burimyi bw'iki gihugu ku rugero rwa 41 kw'ijana (41%), mu gihe inzu zo kubamwo zishobora gukorwako ku rugero rwa 60 kw'ijana ((60%).

Ubwo bushikiranganji bumenyesha ko ivyo bihe bidasanzwe bishobora gutangura muri Munyonyo (11) uwu mwaka, bibandanye gushika muri Ruhuhuma (2)umwaka uza.

Ubwo bushikiranganji bwongerako ko uburere bwegereye Tanganyika, kuva i Bujumbura gushika i Nyanza (muri Burunga), amazi y'ikigaya ashobora kuduga ku rugero rudasanzwe. N'uburaruko bushira uburengero bw'Uburundi, harimwo intara za kera za Kirundo, Bubanza na Cibitoke, buzokorwako ku rugero ruboneka, nk'uko ubwo bushikiranganji bw'intwaro yo hagati bubandanya bubivuga.

Mu 2024, amazi ya Tanganyika n'aya Rusizi yaraduze mu mihana ihegereye atuma abaharurwa mu bihumbi batakaza uburaro ndetse bimurirwa ahandi.

Muri uwo mwaka nyene, irindimuka ry'umusozi ridasanzwe ryabaye ku mutumba Gabaniro, ZoneGitaza, intara ya Burunga, ryatumye imiryango amajana yisanga mu kaga, n'ubu ikaba itarekuriwe gusubirayo.

Uburyo bukenewe kugira Uburundi bushobore guhangana na El Niño yitezwe uwu mwaka ntiburamenyekana.