Yadda Facebook da Instagram ke fuskantar barazana a Amurka kan yara

Kamfanin Meta na fuskantar wata gagarumar shari'a da za ta fara a ranar Talata, bayan da ya sha fuskantar koma baya a kotuna kan yadda ake zargin shafukan sada zumunta na kamfanin ke jawo illa ga matasa ko yara masu amfani da su masu ƙarancin shekaru.

Shari'ar ta samo asali ne daga ƙarar da jihohi 30 na Amurka, ciki har da California da New York, suka shigar a shekarar 2023, inda suka zargi Meta da karya dokokin tarayya da na jihohi da ke kare bayanan sirri na yara.

Ba wai kawai jihohin na neman diyya da ta haura dala tiriliyan ɗaya daga Meta ba, har ma suna son kamfanin ya yi manyan sauye-sauye a dandalin Instagram da Facebook.

Daga cikin sauye-sauyen da ake nema akwai soke tsarin nuna yawan "likes" da kuma kawo ƙarshen tsarin ci gaba da zuƙo bayanai ba tare da iyaka ba (infinite scroll).

Idan Meta ta sha kaye a irin wannan babban ƙara, hakan na iya tilasta mata yin manyan canje-canje ga yadda matasa ke amfani da kafafen sada zumunta.

Jihohin da suka kai ƙarar suna kuma son Meta ya yi wasu ƙarin gyare-gyare, ciki har da:

Jihohin Amurka da suka kai ƙara sun ce waɗannan siffofi na Facebook da Instagram an tsara su ne domin sanya masu amfani, ciki har da matasa da yara, su ci gaba da kasancewa a kan shafin na tsawon lokaci da kuma maimaita dawowa akai-akai.

A cewarsu, Meta na kuma sanya wa matasa wuya su rage amfani da waɗannan manhajoji ta hanyar amfani da abubuwa irin su sanarwa da saƙonnin tunatarwa da ake aikawa akai-akai domin jawo hankalinsu su sake komawa manhajojin.

Jihohin sun yi zargin cewa, ta hanyar mayar da hankali kan masu amfani da ba su kai girma ba, Meta ta "zaɓi amfani da matasa domin amfanin kasuwancinta", da nufin sanya su dogaro da dandamalinta, ƙara yawan masu amfani da kuma bunƙasa harkokinta.

A halin yanzu, darajar Meta a kasuwar hada-hadar hannayen jari ta kai kusan dala tiriliyan 1.5.

Sai dai Meta ta sha musanta irin waɗannan zarge-zarge.

A cikin wata sanarwa, mai magana da yawun kamfanin ta ce:

"Muna ƙin yarda da waɗannan zarge-zarge kuma muna da yaƙinin cewa hujjojin da za a gabatar za su nuna dogon tarihin jajircewarmu wajen tallafa wa matasa da kare muradunsu."

Jihohin da suka shigar da ƙarar sun gabatar da hujjojinsu ne a gaban Alƙaliya Yvonne Gonzalez Rogers, babbar alƙaliyar kotun tarayya a jihar California.

Alƙaliya Rogers ta shahara bayan jagorantar wasu manyan shari'o'i da suka ja hankalin duniya, ciki har da shari'ar da ta shafi Elon Musk da Sam Altman.

A cikin kusan shekaru ashirin da ta yi a kan kujerar shari'a, ta samu suna a matsayin alƙaliya mai zurfin bincike da kuma yanke hukunci kai tsaye ba tare da wata-wata ba.

Shafukan sada zumunta sun zama 'annoba ga jama'a'

A wani hukunci da wata kotu ta yanke kwanan nan a kan kamfanin Meta, wani alƙali a jihar New Mexico ya ci kamfanin tarar dala miliyan 942, tare da umartarsa da ya yi wasu manyan sauye-sauye irin waɗanda wasu jihohin Amurka ke nema a wata ƙara ta daban.

Daga cikin sauye-sauyen da Alƙali Bryan Biedscheid ya umarta akwai cire tsarin nuna yawan "likes" a Facebook da Instagram ga masu amfani da ba su kai shekara 18 ba, haramta aikawa ko karɓar hotunan tsiraici tsakanin matasa ta waɗannan dandamali, da kuma takaita saƙonnin sanarwa da manhajojin ke aikawa zuwa wasu lokuta na yini kaɗai.

Alƙalin ya kuma bayyana Meta a matsayin "barazana ga jama'a", yana kwatanta kamfanin da wata masana'anta da ke gurɓata iskar da mutane ke shaƙa, tare da haifar da illoli da ke shafar al'umma gaba ɗaya.

Meta ya ce zai ɗaukaka ƙara kan hukuncin.

Ko da yake umarnin Alƙali Biedscheid ya shafi jihar New Mexico ne kaɗai, idan jihohi 30 da suka shigar da wata ƙara dabam suka yi nasara, to kusan babu makawa kamfanin zai aiwatar da irin waɗannan sauye-sauye a faɗin Amurka.

Jihohin da ke cikin ƙarar suna wakiltar kusan kashi biyu bisa uku na al'ummar Amurka.

Idan Meta ta aiwatar da waɗannan sauye-sauyen, hakan zai kawo babban sauyi ga yadda masu amfani ke hulɗa da Facebook da Instagram.

Kamar yadda Alƙali Bryan Biedscheid ya bayyana a cikin hukuncinsa, wanda shi ne karon farko da aka ayyana wani kamfanin kafar sada zumunta a matsayin "barazana ga jama'a", yadda dandamalin Meta suka yi aiki tsawon fiye da shekaru goma ya taimaka wajen tsananta abin da ya kira matsalar lafiyar kwakwalwar matasa da ke ƙara ta'azzara a jihar New Mexico da wasu yankuna.

Alƙalin ya ce illolin da ake dangantawa da yadda Facebook da Instagram ke aiki sun kasance suna shafar matasa da yara a matakin da ya wuce mutum ɗaya ko iyali guda, har suka zama matsala da ke taɓa al'umma baki ɗaya.

Yanzu haka, lauyoyin wasu jihohi 30 na Amurka suna shirin gabatar da hujjojinsu a gaban Alƙaliya Yvonne Gonzalez Rogers, da fatan za ta yanke irin wannan hukunci kan Meta.

Jihohin na neman kotun ta amince cewa kamfanin ya taka rawa wajen haifar da matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa a tsakanin matasa, tare da tilasta shi yin manyan sauye-sauye ga yadda Facebook da Instagram ke aiki a fadin Amurka.