Amerika n’Ubwongereza byatangiye ibitero by'indege z'intambara ku ba-Houthi muri Yemen

Amerika n’Ubwongereza, bishyigikiwe n’inshuti zabyo, mu ijoro ryacyeye byatangiye ibitero by’indege z’intambara muri Yemen ahafitwe n’inyeshyamba z’aba-Houthi zigenzura igice kitari gito n’umurwa mukuru w’iki gihugu.

Perezida Joe Biden yatangaje ko “ku mabwiriza yanjye” ibitero byatangiye kugira ngo babuze inyeshyamba z’aba-Houthi kubangamira inzira y’amato mu nyanja itukura.

Mu itangazo rye, Biden yavuze ko ibi bitero bizakurikirwa n’ibikorwa bya dipolomasi byo kubuza aba-Houthi gukomeza ibitero ku mato y’ubucuruzi aca mu nyanja itukura.

Yongaraho ko Amerika n’inshuti zayo “ntituzihanganira ibitero ku bantu bacu cyangwa ko abantu babi kubuza ubwisanzure bw’ingendo mu nzira ikomeye cyane ku bucuruzi bw’isi”.

Ubwongereza nabwo bwemeje ko indege zabwo z’intambara zahagurukiye ku birwa bya Cyprus zijya kurasa aba-Houthi muri Yemen mu ijoro ryacyeye.

Minisitiri w’intebe w’Ubwongereza Rishi Sunak yavuze ko “Ubwongereza iteka buzarinda ubwisanzure bw’inzira n’ubucuruzi butabangamiwe”.

Ati: “Kubera iyo mpamvu twafashe ingamba zigengesereye, zicyenewe, mu kwitabara, hamwe na Amerika dushyigikiwe n’Ubuholandi, Canada, na Bahrain turarwanya aho ibyo bitero bituruka, mu kunaniza ubushobozi bwa gisirikare bw’aba-Houthi no kurinda ubwikorezi bw’amato ku isi.”

Inyeshyamba z’aba-Houthi zimaze amezi zitangiye kurasa amato y’ubwikorezi aca mu nyanja y’itukura zivuga ko afite aho ahuriye na Israel kuko nayo yateye intambara kuri Gaza.

Ibi bikorwa by’aba-Houthi bivugwa kugeza ubu bimaze kugabanya 35% ku ngendo z’amato y’ubucuruzi aca muri iyi nzira inyuramo 15% by’ibicuruzwa bica inzira y’amazi ku isi.

Televiziyo Al-Masirah y’aba-Houthi yatangaje ko ibitero bya Amerika byibasiye ahantu hatandukanye mu murwa mukuru Sanaa wa Yemen harimo no ku kibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga.

Leta ya Arabia Saoudite yasabye Amerika n’inshuti zayo kugenza macye no “kwirinda ko ibintu bimera nabi”, ndetse ko “ihangayikishijwe cyane” n’uko ibintu bimeze.

‘Ni ukwirwanaho’ – Ibihugu by’inshuti

Leta z’ibihugu bya Australia, Bahrain, Canada, Denmark, Ubudage, Ubuholandi, New Zealand, Korea y’Epfo, Amerika, n’Ubwongereza zasohoye itangazo zihuriyeho rivuga kuri ibi bitero.

Ibi bihugu byavuze ko hari “ubwumvikane bwagutse” bw’umuryango mpuzamahanga burwanya aba-Houthi, kandi ko akanama k’umutekano ku isi ka ONU mu kwezi gushize kasabye aba-Houthi guhagarika ibitero ku mato mu nyanja itukura.

Aba-Houthi batangiye kurasa za misile no kurasa bakoresheje za drones amato y’ubucuruzi aca muri iyi nyanja nyuma y’uko Israel itangiye ibitero muri Gaza mu Ukwakira(10).

Ibitero by’aba-Houthi ku mato aca mu nyanja itukura hagati y’Ugushyingo (11) n’Ukuboza(12) gushize byiyongereye ku kigero cya 500%.

Itangazo ry’ibi bihugu bicuditse rivuga ko ibitero byatangiye “bigendanye n’uburenganzira bwite cyangwa rusange bwo kwirwanaho”.

Abasesenguzi batandukanye bavuga ko ibi bitero ari ikimenyetso ko Amerika n’inshuti zayo bidashobora kwihanganira ko inyungu zabo z’ubucuruzi zibangamirwa.

Bamwe banenga ibi bihugu bikomeye kutagaragaza ubushake n’imbaduko mu gikorwa nk’ibi ahandi ku isi ubu hari amakimbirane akomeye.

Ibitero by’indege birahagije?

Isesengura rya Frank Gardner umwanditsi wa BBC ku by’umutekano

Abacurabwenge ba gisirikare b’ibi bihugu bizeye ko ibitero by’indege kabuhariwe z’intambara bizagera ku ntego yo guca intege aba-Houthi mu bitero bakora ku mato mpuzamahanga. Gusa bisa n’ibitazakunda.

Aba-Houthi, bahabwa intwaro, batojwe, kandi bahabwa amakuru y’ubutasi na Iran, bamaze igihe baragumutse. Ubu babashije kwerekana neza ko barengera Hamas na Palestina barasa amato bita ko afite ihuriro na Israel, ibintu byumvikana neza mu Barabu benshi, ukurikije ibyo Israel irimo gukora muri Gaza.

Ibi ntabwo ari ibintu bazahagarika mu buryo bworoshye, ndetse batangaje ko bizakomeza.

Ubwo muri Mata(4) 2015 Arabia Saoudite yatangiraga ibitero by’indege kuba-Houthi bari bamaze gufata ubutegetsi muri Yemen, i Riyadh bambwiye ko intambara bazaba bayirangije mu mpera z’uwo mwaka.

Ariko hafi imyaka 10 irashize, aba-Houthi ubu baraganje muri Yemen kurusha ikindi gihe cyose. Ibi byabahaye imbaraga n’ubushobozi bwo gukora ibyo bashaka ku nyanja irukura – inzira ikomeye y’ubucuruzi ku isi – ibegereye.

Amerika n’inshuti zayo bazaba bifuza ko ibi bitero byabo biba bigufi kandi ntibigwemo abantu benshi. Ariko aba-Houthi nabo bashobora kuba bafite ibindi bitekerezo.

‘Vuba US na UK bazabona ubusazi bwabo’ – umukuru w’aba-Houthi

Umukuru w’aba-Houthi Mohammed al-Bukhaiti yabwiye Amerika n’Ubwongereza ko “vuba bazabona ko” ibitero kuri Yemen “ari ubusazi buruta ubundi mu mateka yabo.”

Yanditse kuri X ko ibi bihugu byakoze ikosa mu gushoza intambara kuri Yemen “kuko nta nyungu byavanye mu byo bakoze mbere”.

Yongeraho ati: “Buri muntu wese muri iyi si afite amahitamo abiri. Kuba ku ruhande rw’abarimo gukorerwa jenoside cyangwa ku ruhande rw’abarimo kuyikora.”

Aba-Houthi nibande?

Aba-Houthi ni umutwe wa gisirikare ushamikiye ku bitwa aba-Zaidis, ni Abasilamu b’aba-Shia ba nyamucye muri Yemen. Izina ry’uyu mutwe riwuvana ku wawushinze witwa Hussein al Houthi.

Uyu mutwe washinzwe mu myaka ya 1990 witwa Ansar Allah (Abayoboke b’Imana) ngo barwanye ruswa ya perezida wariho icyo gihe, Ali Abdullah Saleh.

Perezida Saleh, wari ushyigikiwe n’igisirikare cya Arabia Saoudite, yagerageje kurandura aba-Houthi mu 2003, ariko izi nyeshyamba zibanesha bombi zibasubiza inyuma.

Kuva mu 2014 izi nyashyamba zirwana intambara y’imbere mu gihugu na leta ya Yemen, nubwo iyi leta ishyigikiwe n’ibihugu bya Arabia Saoudite na UAE, aba-Houthi babashije gufata umurwa mukuru Sanaa n’igice kinini cy’igihugu.

ONU ivuga ko kugeza mu 2022 iyo ntambara yari imaze kugwamo abantu 377,000 naho miliyoni enye baravuye mu byabo.

Aba-Houthi bavuga ko bari mu ihuriro riyoboye na Iran rirwanya Israel, Amerika, n’uburengerazuba muri rusange – ririmo kandi Hamas na Hezbollah.

Aba-Houthi barebera ku wundi mutwe w’aba-Shia wo muri Liban, Hezbollah, uyu mutwe wakomeje kubatoza ibya gisirikare kuva mu 2014, nk’uko bivugwa na Amerika.

Aba-Houthi kandi bafata Iran nk’inshuti, kuko bafite umwanzi umwe – Arabia Saoudite.

Iran ihakana uruhare mu bitero by’aba-Houthi ku mato mu nyanja itukura.

Leta yamewe na ONU ya Yemen ni iyitwa Presidential Leadership Council ya Yemen, gusa abategetsi bayo bakorera i Riyadh muri Arabia Saoudite, aho uwari perezida wa Yemen yahungiye mu 2015.

Igice kinini cy’abaturage ba Yemen ubu baba ahagenzurwa n’aba-Houthi, kimwe n’umurwa mukuru Sanaa n’amajyaruguru y’igihugu. Bagenzura kandi umwaro w’inyanja itukura.

Aba-Houthi bakusanya imisoro kandi bicapira amafaranga y’igihugu.