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常见工作合同类型中的英语表达

Episode 261021 / 21 Oct 2026

内容简介

你是否曾在浏览求职网站时看到过不同工作类型的英文表达，却不确定它们具体代表什么？“Full-time”、“part-time”、“permanent” 和 “temporary” 看似简单，却对应着不同的工作时间安排和合同类型。本期节目就来聊聊这些常见的职场词汇，帮你弄清它们各自的含义和用法，轻松看懂招聘信息。

文字稿

（关于台词的备注: 请注意这不是广播节目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能没有体现录制、编辑过程中对节目做出的改变。）

Becca
I'll be honest, Buli, I've been a little stressed out because my contract is finishing in a few months and I don't know whether to stay here or work somewhere else!

Buli
Oh, Becca, I'm sorry you're feeling that way, and I hope you'll figure out what you want to do soon. But your worry is actually related to this week's question.

Becca
Really? Well, let's get into it then!

Question
您好，我最近想换一份工作。我在浏览招聘信息的时候注意到，一些用英语招聘的职位描述中会出现许多描述合同类型的单词和表达。比如 “full-time”、“part-time”、“permanent”、“temporary” 和 “contract” 等等。请问它们分别表示什么类型的工作？和中文里哪些说法对应呢？

Buli
欢迎收听 “你问我答” 节目。So, Becca, you're not sure if you'll extend your contract or look for a new job?

Becca
No. I'm also not sure if I want to continue doing full-time or maybe try part-time, so I have more time for things like travelling. And I don't know whether I should look for something temporary or permanent.

Buli
That makes sense. Something full-time would make you very busy, whereas part-time work would allow you some more free time.

Becca
Exactly. I'm really considering a part-time position.

Buli
And what about temporary jobs? Might they give you more free time to travel too?

Becca
Well, that depends on whether the contract has an agreed upon end date and whether I'll be required to stay in the UK as I work. Ideally, I'd like to work and travel at the same time. So, the flexible hours we have now are great, but I do have to be in the office sometimes. And also, if I'm travelling for a long time while working and going on lots of exciting excursions, I'm going to need to make sure that I'm constantly making money – and enough of it too!

Buli
Ah yes, a temporary job might end before you plan on returning home. It sounds like you're looking for a permanent job that allows you to work remotely.

Becca
Yes, that could be good for me. I wouldn't have to worry about being unemployed any time, and I'd be able to work from wherever I like!

Buli
你正在收听的是 BBC 英语教学的 “你问我答” 节目。在本期节目中，我和 Becca 正在讨论在英语环境中求职时可能遇到的各种描述工作模式和合同类型的单词和表达。

So, Becca, let's look at these different terms in a little more detail.

Becca
OK! We'll start with 'contract'. A contract is a general agreement, and when you apply for a job, you should absolutely take the time to read the contract! Also, in the UK, when a job is advertised as a 'contract position', it often means the job is for a specific period of time or for a certain project.

Buli
“Contract” 就是我们常说的 “合同”。如果想要具体指 “劳动合同” 或者 “就业合同”，我们可以说 “job contract” 或者 “employment contract”。不过，在求职的语境中，特别是在英国，如果招聘信息上注明了某个职位是 “contract position（合同制岗位）”，那么就说明这份工作不一定是长期的，而是 “专门为了某个项目或者某个短期目标而招聘的、有固定期限的临时岗位”。

You know, Becca, I carefully read my contract before I agreed to start working here, and I noticed that it also mentioned full-time and part-time work. Can you tell us more about that?

Becca
Yes! A full-time job is one where you work the standard number of hours for a company or organisation, usually around five days a week. Part-time means working fewer hours over fewer days.

Buli
“Part-time” 和 “full-time” 分别指 “兼职” 和 “全职” 两种工作模式。这两个表达既可以作形容词也可以作副词。比如，我们可以说 “I have a part-time job（我有一份兼职的工作）”，也可以说 “I want to work full-time（我想全职工作）”。

Working part-time might give someone more free time - they're working less.

Becca
Exactly. You might work three days a week, or just a few hours each day. A part-time job can still be permanent, which means the job has no fixed end date. Something permanent has the intention of lasting or continuing for a very long time, or even for forever, without changing.

Buli
没错。通常来说，兼职和全职与否并不代表一份工作是 “a permanent job（一份长期的工作）” 还是 “a temporary job（一份临时的工作）”。形容词 “permanent” 和 “temporary” 的意思分别是 “永久的，长期的” 和 “临时的，短期的”。人们通常会用这两个单词来区分 “不需要续签合同或合同时间相当长的长期工作” 和 “合同时间较短，只持续一小段时间的临时工作”。

Becca
For example, you might have a temporary contract for three months, six months, or a year. Sometimes a temporary position is created to cover someone's absence or to help with particularly busy periods, like seasonal work.

Buli
That's true. 有时候，公司或机构还会因为各种各样的原因设置临时岗位。比如，为了在某位员工 “absent（暂时不在岗）” 的时候找人顶替，或者是因为某段时间特别忙，需要额外的人手来帮忙。

And lastly, you mentioned flexible hours?

Becca
Yes. Flexible hours, or flextime, is a work schedule where employees choose when to start and finish their working day, so long as they complete their total required hours or tasks. And so, now I work flexible hours, but I'm still required to be in the UK because I have to be in the office sometimes.

Buli
“Flexible hours（弹性工作时间）”，或者 “flextime”，也是一种在英国和一些英语国家常见的工作模式。在这种模式下，员工可以比较自由地决定每天几点开始工作、几点下班，只要最后能完成要求的总工作时长或者工作任务就可以了。

除了时间，还有一种在地点上较为自由的工作模式叫做 “remote work（远程工作）”，意思就是员工可以自由选择自己的工作地点，通过各种线上手段完成工作。拥有这种工作模式的岗位就叫作 “remote job”。

And that's why I suggested a remote job. It's a job that allows you to work from anywhere in the world.

Becca
Yeah, I think a remote job would suit me well as I just really want to travel and see the world – it's my dream!

Buli
Ah Becca, I'm sure you'll figure something out to make your dreams come true.

Becca
Thanks, Buli! Remember if you have a question that you'd like us to answer, you can email us too at: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk

Buli
你还可以通过微博向我们提问。我们的微博账号是 “BBC英语教学”。Bye!

Becca
Goodbye!

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