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Revise: DNA and the production of proteinsDNA - nucleotides and bases

DNA carries the genetic information in the cells of all living organisms. It contains codes for the assembly of amino acids into all the proteins required in the body.

Part ofBiologyRevision guides: Cell biology

DNA - nucleotides and bases

The building blocks of DNA are called .

There are four different types of nucleotide. The part of a nucleotide that can make it different from others is called the .

Nucleotide base: four ribose, stacked vertically. To the left these inter-connect with proteins. To the right of the bottom ribose is a box saying "G", to the left of the next ribose is a box saying "C", next is "U" and finally "A" at the top right.

The four DNA are adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine. These base names are abbreviated to A, T, C and G.

Nucleotides with different DNA bases. Adenine has a triangle cut out of its rhs, thymine has a triangle added to its lhs. Guanine has crescent removed from lhs and cystosine has one added.

Nucleotides are linked together to form strands. DNA consists of two strands of nucleotides twisted around each other to form a shape called a .

Nucleotides join together to form twisted strands around each other to form a double helix

The two strands are held together by weak bonds between pairs of bases. Only certain pairs of bases have complementary shapes that let them form with each other to make the double helix.

Base A bonds with base T and base G bonds with base C. These are .

Certain pairs of bases have complementary shapes that form bonds to make the double helix. Adenine and thymine bond as do cytstosine and guanine.